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Stainless Steel Plate Sheet 309s

Stainless Steel Plate Sheet 309s

Sandmeyer Steel Company stocks Alloy 309/309S heat resistant stainless steel plate in thicknesses from 3/16" through 3".

Available thicknesses for Alloy 309s:

3/16" 1/4" 5/16" 3/8" 1/2" 5/8" 3/4" 1"
4.8mm 6.3mm 7.9mm 9.5mm 12.7mm 15.9mm 19mm 25.4mm
1 1/4" 1 1/2" 1 5/8" 1 3/4" 2" 2 1/2" 3"
31.8mm 38.1mm 41.3mm 44.5mm 50.8mm 63.5mm 76.2mm
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Alloy 309/309S (UNS S30900/S30908) austenitic stainless steel is typically used for elevated temperature applications. Its high chromium and nickel content provides comparable corrosion resistance, superior resistance to oxidation, and the retention of a larger fraction of room temperature strength than the common austenitic Alloy 304.

General Properties


Alloy 309 (UNS S30900) is an austenitic stainless steel developed for use in high temperature corrosion resistance applications. The alloy resists oxidation up to 1900°F (1038°C) under non-cyclic conditions. Frequent thermal cycling reduces oxidation resistance to approximately 1850°F (1010°C).

Because of its high chromium and low nickel content, Alloy 309 can be utilized in sulfur containing atmospheres up to 1832°F (1000°C). The alloy is not recommended for use in highly carburizing atmospheres since it exhibits only moderate resistance to carbon absorption. Alloy 309 can be utilized in slightly oxidizing, nitriding, cementing and thermal cycling applications, albeit, the maximum service temperature must be reduced.

When heated between 1202 – 1742°F (650 – 950°C) the alloy is subject to sigma phase precipitation. A solution annealing treatment at 2012 – 2102°F (1100 – 1150°C) will restore a degree of toughness.

309S (UNS S30908) is the low carbon version of the alloy. It is utilized for ease of fabrication. 309H (UNS S30909) is a high carbon modification developed for enhanced creep resistance. It most instances the grain size and carbon content of the plate can meet both the 309S and 309H requirements.

Alloy 309 can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices.
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Specification Sheet Overview

for Alloy 309s

309s

Applications

  • Furnaces — burners, doors, fans, piping and recuperators
  • Fluidized Bed Furnaces — grids, piping, wind boxes
  • Paper Mill Equipment
  • Petroleum Refining — catalytic recovery systems, recuperators
  • Power Generation — pulverized coal burners, tube hangers
  • Thermal Processing — annealing covers and boxes, burners grids, doors, fans, lead pans and neutral salt pots, muffles and retorts, recuperators, walking beams
  • Waste Treatment — incinerators, rotary kilns and calciners

Standards

ASTM........A 240
ASME........SA 240
AMS..........5523
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Corrosion Resistance

Wet Corrosion
Alloy 309 is not designed for service in wet corrosive environments. The high carbon content, which is present to enhance creep properties, has a detrimental effect on aqueous corrosion resistance. The alloy is prone to intergranular corrosion after long term exposure at high temperatures. However, due to its high chromium content (23%), Alloy 309 is more corrosion resistant than most heat resistant alloys.

High Temperature Corrosion
Alloy 309 resists high temperature corrosion in most in-service conditions. Operating temperatures are as follows:

Oxidizing conditions (max. sulfur content – 2 g/m3)
1922°F (1050°C) continuous service
2012°F (1100°C) peak temperature

Oxidizing conditions (max. sulfur greater than 2 g/m3)
1742°F (950°C) maximum temperature

Low oxygen atmosphere (max. sulfur content – 2 g/m3)
1832°F (1000°C) maximum temperature

Nitriding or carburizing atmospheres
1562 –1742°F (850 – 950°C) maximum

The alloy does not perform as well as Alloy 600 (UNS N06600) or Alloy 800 (UNS N08800) in reducing, nitriding or carburizing atmospheres, but it does outperform most heat resistant stainless steels in these conditions.

Creep Properties

Typical Creep Properties

Temperature Creep Strain (MPa) Creep Rapture (MPa)
°C °F 1000 H 10000 H 100000 H 1000 H 10000 H 100000 H
600 1112 120 80 40 190 120 65
700 1292 50 25 20 75 36 16
800 1472 20 10 8 35 18 7.5
900 1652 8 4 3 15 8.5 3
1000 1832 4 2.5 1.5 8 4 1.5
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Chemical Analysis

Weight % (all values are maximum unless a range is otherwise indicated)

Element 309 309S 309H
Chromium 22.0 min.-24.0 max. 22.0 min.-24.0 max. 22.0 min.-24.0 max.
Nickel 12.0 min.-15.0 max. 12.0 min.-15.0 max. 12.0 min.-15.0 max.
Carbon 0.20 0.08 0.04 min.-0.10 max.
Manganese 2.00 2.00 2.00
Phosphorus 0.045 0.045 0.045
Sulfer 0.030 0.030 0.030
Silicon 0.75 0.75 0.75
Iron Balance Balance Balance
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Physical Properties

Density

0.285 lbs/in3
7.89 g/cm3

Specific Heat

0.12 BTU/lb-°F (32 – 212°F)
502 J/kg-°K (0 – 100°C)

Modulus of Elasticity

28.5 x 106 psi
193 GPa

Thermal Conductivity 212°F (100°C)

9.0 BTU/hr/ft2/ft/°F
15.6 W/m-°K

Melting Range

2500 – 2590°F
1480 – 1530°C

Electrical Resistivity

30.7 Microhm-in at 68°C
78 Microhm-cm at 20°C
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Mechanical Properties

Typical Values at 68°F (20°C)

Yield Strength
0.2% Offset		 Ultimate Tensile
Strength		 Elongation
in 2 in.		 Hardness
psi (min.) (MPa) psi (min.) (MPa) % (min.) (max.)
45,000 310 85,000 586 50 202 (HBN)
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Fabrication Data

Alloy 309 can be easily welded and processed by standard shop fabrication practices.

Hot Forming

Heat uniformly at 1742 – 2192°F (950 – 1200°C). After hot forming a final anneal at 1832 – 2101°F (1000 – 1150°C) followed by rapid quenching is recommended.

Cold Forming

The alloy is quite ductile and forms in a manner very similar to 316. Cold forming of pieces with long-term exposure to high temperatures is not recommended since the alloy is subject to carbide precipitation and sigma phase precipitants.

Welding

Alloy 309 can be readily welded by most standard processes including TIG, PLASMA, MIG, SMAW, SAW and FCAW.

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